Tetras (Hyphessobrycon sp.) are a diverse group of small to medium-sized freshwater fish native to South America, particularly the Amazon Basin. They are known for their vibrant colors and active swimming behavior, making them a popular choice among aquarium enthusiasts.
Tetras belong to the family Characidae and include numerous species with various color patterns and fin shapes. These fish are generally peaceful and can coexist with a wide range of other community fish.
Tetras are shoaling fish, and they feel most secure and exhibit their natural behavior when kept in groups of their own kind. Their hardiness and adaptability make them suitable for both beginners and experienced aquarists.
Tetras come in different species, each with unique characteristics and care requirements, making them a diverse and fascinating group in the aquarium hobby. They have a wide distribution in their natural habitat, which includes various water conditions, allowing them to adapt to different tank setups.
Water Size
One individual Tetra typically requires a minimum tank size of 10-15 gallons (approximately 38-57 liters). However, they are shoaling fish and should be kept in groups of at least six or more individuals for the best results.Recommended Water Parameters
Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C), depending on the speciespH: 6.0-7.5, depending on the species
Water Hardness: 2-12 dGH, depending on the species
Ammonia, Nitrites, and Nitrates should be kept at minimal levels through regular water changes and maintenance.
Water Changes
Regular water changes of 20-25% every 1-2 weeks help maintain water quality and promote the health of Tetras.Schooling Behavior
Tetras are schooling fish, and they thrive when kept in groups. Keeping them in a school provides them with a sense of security and reduces stress.Air Pump
An air pump is not usually necessary but can help improve oxygen exchange and water circulation, particularly in tanks with limited surface agitation.Filter
A filter is preferred and highly recommended to maintain water quality by removing waste and toxins.Tank Cover
A tank cover is not strictly necessary, but it can prevent fish from jumping out and provide added security.Aquarium Lighting
While not necessary, aquarium lighting can enhance the colors of Tetras and promote plant growth if live plants are present in the tank.Heater
A heater may be required to maintain a stable water temperature within the recommended range, especially in cooler environments.Substrate
Tetras are flexible when it comes to substrate, but a dark-colored substrate can enhance their colors and make them feel more secure.Interaction with Plants
Tetras generally interact well with live plants in the aquarium. Plants provide shelter, security, and a natural environment for these fish.Feeding Regimen
Tetras are omnivorous and should be fed a varied diet consisting of high-quality flakes or pellets designed for small tropical fish. Supplement their diet with occasional live or frozen foods like brine shrimp or daphnia. Feed them 2-3 times a day, only what they can consume in a few minutes.Lifespan
The lifespan of Tetras can vary by species, but they typically have an average lifespan of 3-5 years, although with proper care, some species can live longer.Interesting Facts
- The name "Tetra" comes from the Greek word "tetragonopterus," which means "square-finned," referring to their distinct, square-shaped caudal fin.
- Tetras are known for their "nipping" behavior, where they may occasionally nip at the fins of other fish. This behavior can be reduced by keeping them in larger groups and providing plenty of hiding spaces.
- Cardinal Tetras (Paracheirodon axelrodi) and Neon Tetras (Paracheirodon innesi) are two of the most popular and recognizable Tetra species in the aquarium hobby.
- Many Tetra species are wild-caught for the aquarium trade, but there is a growing interest in breeding them in captivity to reduce the impact on their natural habitats.